【英语语法】什么是强调句

 【英语语法】什么是强调句，珠海IBS编辑和大家分享什么是强调句和强调句的用法，请阅读下文。

强调是语言表达的一种方式，是表达语意和情感的重要途径。所以强调结构是英语阅读理解当中常见的表达手法。

最常见到的强调句结构是It is/was that句型，即把要关注的信息放置在It is/was 和that;之间，基本构成模式是:It is/was +被强调的部分+ that +句子其他成分；当强调某 人时，还可用who代替that。

其本质特征是：

It is/was that是一个固定的框架，可以框在所需要强调的句式结构中，所以此句型本身在所处的表达结构里并不作任何的句子成分，即如果把It is/ was that/who从所处的句 子结构中撤掉，所剩的句子表达仍然是完整的；被强调的对象或成分是灵活多变的，可以是主 语、宾语、表语和状语等。

例如：

It was Ted who/that broke the news to me.(强调主语）

【译文】是泰德透露给我这个消息的。

It was this article that they talked about last week.(强调宾语）

【译文】他们上周谈论的就是这篇文章。

It was the president of the committee that we elected her.(强调宾语补足语）

【译文】我们选举她当的是委员会主席。

Perhaps it‘s because he’s a misfit that I get along with him.(强调原因状语）

【译文】也许正是因为他是个不融合的人我才与他相处不错。

It was from Francis that she first heard the news.(强调地点状语）

【译文】她先是从弗朗西斯那里听到消息的。

It was not until she spoke to her husband that she agreed to take the offer.(强调时间状语）

【译文】直到她跟丈夫说了才同意接受这份丁作。

注：状语成分在被强调的诸多成分中占据特殊的地位，在阅读理解和长难句翻译中也是更需关注的。此外，读者会发现:上述各例句中的强调句型（划线部分)作为一固定框架，如果从 所处的句子表达中撤掉，所剩的句子结构仍然是完整的。

最后，需要提醒大家，有时在非正式英语的阅读文章中，可以用which/when/where代替that来强调某物、某时和某地(理解即可）。

例如：

It is the bank that/which will lose，not the customer.

【译文】受损失的将不是储户，而是银行。

It is the theatre at Oxford that/which is on the verge of extinction，not at Cambridge

【译文】正濒临消亡的是牛津大学的讲堂而不是剑桥大学的讲堂。

领略难句

It is the uses (to which television is put) that determine its value to society.

【译文】正是电视机的用途决定了它对社会的价值。 

【注释】put sth. to use将付诸实用

It was from Stephen that she first heard of the man (referred to as a specialist).

【译文】就是从史蒂芬那里她第一次听说了那位被称为专家的人。

More often it is the President，and not the members of his cabinet，who appeals to the populace.

【译文】对公众更具吸引力的往往是总统而不是内阁成员。

It is the news that deprives most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had，but their children can.

【译文】正是这条消息使许多家长失去了希望，即能够找到一个安全且社会认同的道 路，以过上他们从未拥有但他们的孩子可以的生活。

It is the decline(of active play) and，I suppose，the enormous growth (of purely receptive entertainment) that have given rise to a sociological interest in the problem.

【译文】我想，正是积极娱乐的减少和纯粹的感官消遣的大大增加才引起了社会学对这个问题的关注。

Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine，especially if it be wrapped in white paper by a clever chemist.

【译文】不仅仅是那些缺乏知识和没有受过教育的人们才对瓶装药物如此信赖，尤其是当瓶装药物由聪明的药剂师用白纸包装起来的时候。

It was the training（that he had as a young man）that made him such a good enginerr

【译文】正是年轻时所受到的训练，使得他成为了一名优秀的工程师。

It is when the control (over immediate environment) is threatened，or violated in some way by other road users that anger and rage result.

【译文】当其他的道路使用者通过某种方式威胁或侵犯到眼前的环境控制时，愤怒，甚至暴怒，就会油然而生。

【注释】 It is when the control (over immediate environment) is threatened，or violated in some way by other road users that anger and rage result.

此句强调的是 when 引导的时间状语从句，主语是anger and rage，谓语动词是result;在时间状语从句中括号中的over短语是 control的后置定语，in some way和by other road users分别是方式状语和动作发出者。

What is it that causes us to get so angry with other people when we are sitting behind the wheel of our car?

【译文】究竟是什么使得我们在坐到方向盘后面的时候会对其他人变得如此生气？

【注释】 What is it that causes us to get so angry with other people//when we are sitting behind the wheel of our car?第一段是句子主干，采用强调结构，强调的成分是主语 What，谓语动词是causes，宾语是us，不定式短语to get so angry with...作宾语补足语;第二 段是when引导的时间状语从句，表示主句谓语动作发生的时间。

When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one expects,it seems to me that there are two causes.

【译文】当我试图了解究竟是什么使得如此多的美国人不像想象中那么幸福的时候，似乎可以找到两个原因。

【注释】 When I try to understand(what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one expects)，//it seems to me that there are two causes.

此句的第二段是句子主干，结构采用固定句型it seems tha模式；第一段是when引导的时间状语从句，其中：I是主语，谓语是try to understand，宾语是特殊疑问词what引导的名词性从句（即宾语从句）；值得关注的是，此宾语从句采用强调句式，疑问代词what是被强调的从句主语，从句谓 语是 prevents。

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