【英语语法】比较结构讲解

【英语语法】比较结构讲解，珠海IBS编辑和大家分享比较结构讲解和不同情况下比较结构讲解例句分析，请阅读下文。

1. Science，in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments.

【参考译文】实际上，科学更多地取决于观察试验者的脑力准备，而非科学所需要的实验本身。

【结构分析】 Science，in practice，depends far less on the experiments (it prepares) // than on the preparedness (of the minds) (of the men) (who watch the experiments).

此句的整体结构可简化为:Science...depends far less on A than B，科学更多地依赖B而非A；

第一段是句子的主干，主语是science，谓语是depends on，宾语是the experiments，其后（it prepares)是experiments的定语从句，省略了关系代词that，双逗号中间的in practice则是范 围状语，被插入于句中，表示谓语动作发生的范围；

第二段是比较状语，介词表达on the preparedness和前面对应的介词表达on the experiments形成比较关系，其中的（of the minds) (of the men) (who watch the experiments)是层层限定的关系，（of the minds)修饰 preparedness, (of the men)修饰 minds, (who watch the experiments)修饰men.

【知识链接】in practice在实践中，实际上；depend on依赖于，取决于；preparedness准备情况。

2. Yet their present development is wholly different, not so much because of different people even，but because of the different thoughts that exist in the minds of their inhabitants.

【参考译文】然而他们当前的发展是迥然不同的，其原因根本不是人种的不同，而是存 在于当地居民头脑中思想的不同。

【结构分析】 Yet their present development is wholly different，//not so much because of different people even，but because of the different thoughts (that exist in the minds of their inhabitants).第一段是句子的主干，主语是their development，谓语是系动词is，表语是 different;第二段是由not. .. but...构成框架的两个对比原因状语（not because of ... but because of...)，为了加强语气，改写成了 not so much A even，but B模式，可译为根本不是 A而是B句子末端的that从句是that引导的定语从句修饰先行词thoughts。

【知识链接】wholly整个的；inhabitant居民。

3. Language is a part of our organism and no less complicated than it.

【参考译文】语言是我们有机体的一部分，它和有机体一样的复杂。

【结构分析】 Language is a part of our organisms and no less complicated than it.

【必备结构】no less...than...和......一样的......，例如：

He is no less pleased than I (am).他和我一样的高兴。

【知识链接】organism有机物；complicated复杂的。

4. She knew better than to go out alone on such a night.

【参考译文】他不至于傻到在这样的夜晚单独外出。

【结构分析】 She knew better than to go out alone on such a night.这是一个特殊的比较结构:know better than to do sth .不至于(愚蠢或糊涂到）做某事。

5. The hardship of the work was more than an ordinary man can bear.

【参考译文】该工作的艰难不是一般人所能忍受的。（该工作的艰难超出了一般人所能忍受的程度。）

【结构分析】 The hardship of the work was more than an ordinary man can bear, 此句中的more than接近否定的概念从字面上看，than前后的比较对象程度不一，前面程度强后面程度弱，所以有时便可引申理解为对前者的肯定，对后者的否定。例如：

I love you more than I can say.爱你在心口难开。

Their dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear.结果表明此碟子无法承受他们在上面跳舞。

【知识链接】hardship闲难，艰难;bear承载，忍受。