【英语语法】非限制性定语从句,珠海IBS英语学校编辑和大家分享什么是非限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,请阅读下文.

英语语法】非限制性定语从句,珠海IBS英语学校编辑和大家分享什么是非限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,请阅读下文。


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非限制性定语从句定义:


非限制性定语从句,顾名思义,就是对先行词限制性不强、彼此关系相对松散并且要用 逗号分隔开的定语从句。换言之,它的先行词自身意义明确,从句对其仅起到补充说明或进一步解释的作用。


例如:

President Bush,(who took office three years ago),is now trying to win re-election.

【译文】布什总统是三年前任职的,现在正为连任而努力。


My mother, (who has retired now),finds that life is not as interesting as before.

【译文】我母亲现已退休,发现生活不像以前那样有趣了。


非限制性定语从句理解:

在意思逻辑上,非限制性定语从句相当于并列句,甚至状语从句,翻译方法也和限制性的 定语从句不同。


例如:

He gave me the letter,which was in a blue envelope.

【译文】他把信给了我。信是装在一个蓝色信封里的。


He handed me the letter, which I read immediately.

【译文】他把信递给我,我随即就读了。


I don't like the boy,who is selfish.

【译文】我不喜欢这个男孩,因为他太自私。


非限制性定语从句用法:

在非限制性定语从句中,引导从句的关系词有:which,who/ whom,whose,when,where 和as。


(1)关系代词指物时,只能用which引导(不能用that),并且其代替对象较多,既可以是名 词,也可以是句子;此外它还可以作关系限定词替代this,that(可参见限定词的用法)。


例如:

l've never been to Mount Tai,which is extremely famous in China.

【译文】我从未去过泰山,尽管它在中国极负盛名。


An elephant and a mouse fell in love,which is most unusual.

【译文】一头大象和一只老鼠相爱了,这是极其不寻常的事情。


He told me that he had never cheated on exams,which was untrue.

【译文】他告诉我说他在考试时从未作过弊,但这并非事实。


He is old,which fact is important, (which 是关系限定词,相当于that.....)

【译文】他老了,这一事实很重要。


He went to America in 1980,by which time the Cultural Revolution had just ended.(关系限 定词,相当于that)

【译文】他1980年去了美国,那时文化大革命刚刚结束。

 

The traffic might be very busy now,in which case we may be considerably delayed.(关系 限定词,相当于that)

【译文】现在的交通可能很繁忙,如此一来,我们可能会耽搁很久。


此外,须注意:关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句时,前面可加修饰语。

例如:

He was carrying his belongings,(most of) which were broken.(主谓一致)

【译文】他正在搬运他的行李,其中的大多数都破碎掉了。


There were a lot of people at the party,(many of) whom I had known for years.

【译文】这次聚会人很多,其中许多人我都认识多年了。


(2) as作为关系代词不仅可用于限制性定语从句,还可用于非限制性定语从句。在非限 制性定语从句中,其用法有三个特点:像which样,as引导非限制性定语从句时,其代替对象较多,既可以是名词,也可以是句子;最值得关注的是它所引导的非限制性定语从句位置很 灵活,即可置于句尾,也可置于句首,还可置于句中;此外,它有正如的意思。


例如:

We have launched another digital camera,as you may have already seen from other sources.

【译文】我们又推出了一款数码相机,或许你从别的途径已经见到了它。


He was late for school,as was usual with him.(句尾)

【译文】他上课迟到了,这对于他是家常便饭。


As is known to al了,Taiwan is an integral part of China.(句首)

【译文】众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。


As is often the case with a new idea,much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposals.

【译文】对于新的思想而言,事实往往是:许多初步的行为和乐观的讨论不会产生任何 具体的建议。


It was, as he later admitted,a stupid thing to do.(句中)

【译文】正如他后来所承认的那样,这是一件愚蠢的事情。


判断下句是否为非限制性定语从句:


The universe,as we know it,might have began with a great explosion.

【译文】正像我们所了解的那样,宇宙或许起源于一次大的爆炸。


【注解】此处as引导的从句中,we作主语,it作宾语,所以as在此处不能再充当任何成 分,因此它引导的是比较状语从句,而不是非限制性定语从句。


(3)其它关系词的使用和其在限制性定语从句的用法一致,此处不再赘述。


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