英语作为一门外语,很多考生在英语学习上一直没找到实用技巧。尤其是对于考研、留学的学生来讲,如果英语不好简直就是拉分的“拦路虎”。即将到来的考研,对英语不自信的考生,还需要掌握哪些实用的英语学习办法?


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观点一:有哪些相见恨晚的英语学习方法考生还不知道?


我考研跟了一个教英语的老师,他的教学方法很独特。就是讲从恢复高考以来所有的考研英语阅读。每一篇、每一个句子、每一个单词都拆开讲,然后顺便延伸一波,告诉你这个单词怎么用才有高级感,还有哪些其他篇目阅读里面也用到这个单词。 


看起来要背的东西多了(从一个词变成了一句话),事实上,你记得更牢固了。 


靠着这种方法,本科时英语水平中等的我在考研时靠不费力地考了79(英语一)。 


这种方法的原理就是脑科学中我们记忆的规律。 


当你面对一个陌生单词的时候,这个单词对你来说和乱序的扑克牌、随机数字没啥区别。你必须强行找到它和其他你已经知道东西的关联,这样才能方便记住它。 


好了,用一句话总结一下上面的内容:学英语最有效的方法就是在语境中学习,比如说,看英剧美剧、读英文著作、订阅英文报刊等等。 


但是,无论你选择的材料是什么,务必记得,一定要一句、一句地精读。



观点二:有哪些相见恨晚的英语学习方法考生还不知道?


可以通过大量的阅读和模仿来提升写作水平。


英文写作是一个创造和发现的过程,一般来说,它主要包含两个方面的能力:语言能力以及逻辑思维能力。其中,逻辑思维能力与每个人的人生经历、知识储备以及思维模式息息相关,这是一个循序渐进的发展过程。相比逻辑思维能力,语言能力有着更为清晰的提升路径。语言能力提升的重点在于提升对词汇以及句子的运用能力。


词汇运用能力并不等同于词汇量,词汇运用能力的关键在于对词汇使用语境的精确理解。句子结构的运用能力也并不等同于语法知识,它的关键在于灵活应用各种句型准确地表达自己的思想。


怎样培养词汇运用能力以及句子结构的运用能力呢?对优秀句子进行模仿练习是一个很好的方法。目前对于句子模仿从易到难主要有两个方式:替换单词,提取句式


(1)替换单词


将一个句子进行单词替换是最常见同时也是最简单的方法。举个例子,经济学人中有这样一个句子:


The hundred years since the Battle of Waterloo had not been entirely free of disaster—there had been a horrific civil war in America, some regional scraps in Asia, the Franco-Prussian war and the occasional colonial calamity. But continental peace had prevailed. Globalisation and new technology—the telephone, the steamship, the train—had knitted the world together.


最后一个句子用在全球化相关话题里面不错吧?不过现在是21世纪了,可以将句子相应改一下:


The world is changing at a rapid pace. Globalisation and new technology—the internet, the airplane, the high-speed train—have knitted the world together.


又比如新概念英语4里面出现的一个句子:


As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.


我们可以将其中的 knowledge 替换为那些具有两面性的事物,比如 nuclear technology / gene engineering / international trade 等:


As is so often pointed out, nuclear technology / gene engineering / international trade is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.


(2)提取句式


提取句式是在单词替换的基础上发展而来,它的难度更高,但训练效果也会更好。在做此类练习时,我们要先对一个句子进行分析,从中提取出一个“通用模板”,然后根据这个模板进行造句练习。举个例子,有这样一个句子:


It is a disturbing omen for the Chinese economy. For all the talk of reform, many government officials still want to paper over bad loans. With credit going to keep moribund companies alive, China’s debt levels have soared even as growth has slowed.


我们可以提取出这样的句型:For all the talk of ...still...


比如:


For all the talk of equal rights for women, gender discrimination is still rife in the workplace.


又比如这个句子:


China’s advance is all the more potent in the context of a series of disappointments for democrats since 2000. The first great setback was in Russia. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 the democratisation of the old Soviet Union seemed inevitable.


提取出来的句型是 ...is all the more potent in the context of ...


我们可以写:


a) The appeal of online education is all the more potent in the context of soaring university tuition fees.


b) Regulating social media is all the more tricky in the context of widespread use of smartphones by which everyone is able to voice their opinions.


还有这个例子:


So it came as a shock last month when a bill sprinted through the lower house of Congress, on the first day of a new session, that sets out to change the terms of their 30-year concessions after only 17 years.


我们可以提取出来的句型是 It came as a shock ...when ...


比如可以说:


It came as a shock last week when an explosion shaked New York City and injured 29 people.


对于下面这个句子:


To say that the “age of the grand hotel ran from 1860 to 1960” is to make it seem that Paris’s Grand had no antecedents.


我们可以提取出 To say that...is to make it seem that...这个类比句型,模仿写出:


To say that universities should merely provide students with employment skills is to make it seem that theoretical knowledge is of secondary importance.


平时在阅读中要有意识地积累这类经典句式,并通过模仿造句地方式将它们内化,这样写出来的句子才会更加规范地道。



观点三:有哪些相见恨晚的英语学习方法考生还不知道?


有一种叫影子跟读法,这是一个学习的利器,一个快速高效学习的暗门通道。


初中时候使用这个方法学习英语,我跟着录音机里面的朗读跟着读,后来我接着背诵,知道后来我的背诵速度远远快于录音机的2.0倍速。


这个经历为我的英语学习打下了牢固的基础,后来上了高中之后,我在英语上并不怎么花时间,我可以把学英语的时间匀到理科上面去。


我大学的四六级也是依靠初中打下的底子,所以说影子跟读法真的是一个很好的学习方法。


考研大纲发布后,考研er最应该做什么事情才能提高复习质量?

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