英语论文写作指南（四）

Explaining Your Point

解释你的观点

Explanation

解释

Providing a link between your point and the evidence you have supplied with the question you are trying to answer.

建立观点与你所用来解决问题的证据之间的关系。

Making links between Point/Evidence and the Question asked

建立观点/证据与您的问题之间的关系

How does the point and evidence combination:

如何将观点与证据结合起来：

Point: women are treated unfairly as they are usually paid less than men doing the same job.

观点:女性受到不公平对待，当她们在做同样工作的时候会比男性得到的报酬低。

Evidence: women in full—time paid work still earn 18% less than men in the same job.

证据：全职工作的女性得到的薪酬仍然比做同样工作的男性少18%。

Prove the Question being asked:

证明所问的问题：

Question: Are women treated unfairly compared to men? Explain your answer using a range of evidence to support your ideas.

问题：与男性相比，女性受到不公平对待？用一系列证据证明你的观点。

Searching for Evidence

寻找证据

Rewrite the point: Evidence and Question sentences in relation to how they answer the question:

重写这一点：有关于他们是怎么回答这个问题的证据以及问句：

Women in full—time paid work still earn 18% less than men in the same job and this shows that women are treated unfairly in the workplace compared to men. This proves that women are being treated unfairly compared to men because…

全职工作的女性得到的薪酬仍然比做同样工作的男性少18%，这表明了与男性相比，女性在工作中受到了不公平的对待。这证明了与男性相比，女性受到了不公平的对待，因为……

Evidence

证据

Point

观点

Question

问题

Brainstorming for Explanation

汇集各种想法说明问题

Women in full—time paid work still earn 18% less than men in the same job and this shows that women are treated unfairly in the workplace compared to men. This proves that women are being treated unfairly compared to men because…

全职工作的女性得到的薪酬仍然比做同样工作的男性少18%，这表明了与男性相比，女性在工作中受到了不公平的对待。这证明了与男性相比，女性受到了不公平的对待，因为……

If you do the same amount of work, you should get equal pay despite gender.

尽管性别不同，如果你做同样的工作，你应该得到同样的报酬。

The jobs will have equal responsibility, so they should have equal pay, despite gender.

尽管性别不同，同样的工作有同样的责任，所以他们应该得到同样的报酬。

18% difference in pay is a lot of money that can be used to increase skills through professional development.

18%的差异是一笔不小的数目，可以通过专业发展，提高技能。

If a woman is paid less, she won’t feel as important or valued as the man in the same job.

如果一个女性得到了较少的收入，她将会觉得自己在同样的工作中比不上男性那么重要以及有价值。

Brainstorming Prompts:

集思广益的方法提示：

When brainstorming for explanation, think of International. National and Local implications.

当为说明问题集思广益的时候，想想国际，国家以及地方的影响。

When brainstorming for explanation, think of how it would affect Yourself, Your family, Your Friends or different Groups of people.

当为说明问题集思广益的时候，想想它将如何影响你，影响你的家人，你的朋友以及不同群体。

Ask others for their view of the topic.

询问他人对这个问题的意见。

Remember you are only trying to prove your point. You do not have to supply evidence that contradicts your point in any way.

切记你只需要证明你的观点。你不需要提供任何与你的观点相反的证据。

Create a PMI(Positive, Minus, Interesting) chart to look at your point from different angles.

创建一个PMI（正面的，反面的，有趣的）图表，从不同的角度看待你的观点。

Things to consider:

要考虑的事情

Explanation is the most challenging part of the paragraph as it requires evaluation and synthesis of ideas.

解释是段落中最具挑战性的部分，因为它要求评估和合成的想法。

The explanation should be the most extensive part of your paragraph, so try to get as many explanations as you can.

解释是文章中最广泛的部分，因而尽可能多地解释。

Try to find a range of different explanations rather than repeat the same explanation with minor changes.

试着找各种不同的解释，而不是重复同样的解释，只是有细微的变化。

Revisit Question

回顾问题

Link your argument back to your question.

将你的论点与问题衔接起来。

Reminds reader of the question you are addressing and strengthens your link.

提醒读者你正在处理的问题，并加强你的观点与证据之间的关系。

为期四期的P.E.E.R.计划到此已告一段落，欢迎大家踊跃发表意见。

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相关阅读：

英语论文写作指南（一）

英语论文写作指南（二）

英语论文写作指南（三）