【写作技巧】如何写出清晰的中心论点?



什么是中心论点?

议论文中的中心论点是一篇文章的核心观点。

在议论文中,你的文章需要围绕中心论点展开。中心论点通常在开头段的最后一句。如果你在写作中,改变了观点或增减了论点,那么,你也需要调整你的中心论点来概括文章所讨论的内容。为什么议论文中要有中心论点?

  • 将你的想法归纳成一到两句话

  • 更好地组织与拓展你的文章

  • 帮助读者准确地理解你的观点



怎样写出明确的中心论点?

  • 中心论点应该具体。中心论点只应该包括这篇文章中将会讨论的内容,并有需要有有力的论据来论证它。

  • 明确的中心论点需要有一定的立场、观点。

  • 明确的中心论点只阐述一个中心思想。

  • 明确的中心论点能证明对议题的讨论。

  • 明确的中心论点应该有清晰的论据支撑它。

  • 避免使用词意模糊的单词,例如”interesting,” “negative,” “exciting,” “unusual,” 以及 “difficult.”

  • 避免使用抽象单词,例如”society,” “values,” 或“culture.”



中心论点“公式”:

中心论点= 论题+观点+原因

正确与错误的中心论点句范例:

错误的中心论点:

1) Studying science is a good idea.   (句意模糊,缺少争议性或对立性)

2) College students shouldn’t have to take English courses, and many courses are graded too strictly.  (提到了两种不同的论题)

3) In large businesses, computers are becoming indispensable for daily tasks.  (没有争议性)

清晰且有感染力的中心论点:

1) College students shouldn’t have to take some of the required courses.

2) Researching and visiting school before making a final decision is important, because you will be able to experience the campus, meet the teacher, and truly understand the atmosphere of the school.

3)High school graduates should be required to take a year off to pursue community service projects before entering college in order to increase their maturity and global awareness.

练习:

下面的中心论点哪些清晰有力的,哪些是不恰当的?

1) Eating too much candy is bad for your teeth.

2)  Many people in the world are victims of stereotyping.

3) Prejudgment are harmful because they limit the lives of the stereotyped individual and the person doing the stereotyping.

4) My family is an extended family.

5) World hunger has many causes and effects.

6) Hunger persists in the country because jobs are scarce and farming in the infertile soil is rarely profitable.
答案:

1)陈述事实且无争议性 2)太过笼统且无争议性 3)清晰 4)陈述事实且无争议性 5)太过笼统且无争议性 6)清晰

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